U_likelihood_hyb_l

The page document the user-supplied call-back routine U_likelihood_hyb_l.

The routine U_likelihood_l is a call-back routine that has to be provided by the user. In the simplified interface the predefined name of the routine is likelihood_l_pdaf, but in the full interface, the user can choose the name of the routine.

This routine is a variant of U_likelihood_l including the hybrid weight used for the hybrid Kalman-nonlinear ensemble transform filter LKNETF. If you already implemented U_likelihood_l you can implement the hybrid variant by adding the hybrid weight gamma to the interface and add a multiplication with this value in the loop where Rinvresid_l is computed.

The routine is used in the localized nonlinear filter LNETF and has to compute the likelihood of the observation for a given ensemble member according to the observations used for the local analysis. The likelihood depends on the assumed observation error distribution. For a Gaussian observation error, the likelihood is exp(-0.5*(y-Hx)^T*R^-1*(y-Hx)) for the local observations. The vector y-HX = resid_l is provided as an input argument. The likelihood has to be returned in the variable likely_l.

This routine is also the place to perform observation localization. To initialize a vector of weights, the routine PDAF_local_weight can be called. The procedure is used in the example implementation and also demonstrated in the template routine.

Difference to U_likelihood_l: The routine also has to apply the hybrid weight gamma. This is a simple multiplication with the input value in the loop where Rinvresid_l is initialized.

The interface is the following:

SUBROUTINE U_likelihood_hyb_l(domain_p, step, dim_obs_l, obs_l, resid_l, gamma, likely_l)

with

• domain_p : integer, intent(in)
  Index of current local analysis domain
• step : integer, intent(in)
  Current time step
• dim_obs_l : integer, intent(in)
  Number of local observations at current time step (i.e. the size of the local observation vector)
• obs_l : real, intent(in), dimension(dim_obs_l)
  Local vector of observations
• gamma : real, intent(in)
  Hybrid weight provided by PDAF
• resid_l : real, intent(in), dimension(dim_obs_l)
  Input vector holding the local residual
• likely : real, intent(out)
  Output value of the local likelihood

Hints:

• The routine does not require that the product is implemented as a real matrix-vector product. Rather, the product can be implemented in its most efficient form. For example, if the observation error covariance matrix is diagonal, only the multiplication of the inverse diagonal with the vector resid_l has to be implemented.
• The observation vector obs_l is provided through the interface for cases where the observation error variance is relative to the actual value of the observations.
• To perform observation localization (i.e. observation weighting by modifying the inverse observation error covariance matrix) one computes for each observations the distance of it from the local analysis domain and then computes a weight for each observation according to this distance. For the computation of the weight, the routine PDAF_local_weight can be used.